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Working with Istio on flat network

This document uses an example to demonstrate how to use Istio on Karmada.

Follow this guide to install the Istio control plane on karmada-host (the primary cluster) and configure member1 and member2 (the remote cluster) to use the control plane in karmada-host. All clusters reside on the network1 network, meaning there is direct connectivity between the pods in both clusters.

Istio on Karmada

Install Karmada​

Install karmada control plane​

Following the steps Install karmada control plane in Quick Start, you can get a Karmada.

Deploy Istio​

If you are testing multicluster setup on kind you can use MetalLB to make use of EXTERNAL-IP for LoadBalancer services.

Install istioctl​

Please refer to the istioctl Installation.

Prepare CA certificates​

Following the steps plug-in-certificates-and-key-into-the-cluster to configure Istio CA.

Replace the cluster name cluster1 with primary, the output will looks like as following:

root@karmada-demo  istio-on-karmada# tree certs
certs
├── primary
│   ├── ca-cert.pem
│   ├── ca-key.pem
│   ├── cert-chain.pem
│   └── root-cert.pem
├── root-ca.conf
├── root-cert.csr
├── root-cert.pem
├── root-cert.srl
└── root-key.pem

Install Istio on karmada-apiserver​

Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada apiserver:

# export KUBECONFIG=$HOME/.kube/karmada.config

# kubectl config use-context karmada-apiserver

Create a secret cacerts in istio-system namespace:

kubectl create namespace istio-system
kubectl create secret generic cacerts -n istio-system \
    --from-file=certs/primary/ca-cert.pem \
    --from-file=certs/primary/ca-key.pem \
    --from-file=certs/primary/root-cert.pem \
    --from-file=certs/primary/cert-chain.pem

Create a propagation policy for cacert secret:

cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: policy.karmada.io/v1alpha1
kind: PropagationPolicy
metadata:
  name: cacerts-propagation
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  resourceSelectors:
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: Secret
      name: cacerts
  placement:
    clusterAffinity:
      clusterNames:
        - member1
        - member2
EOF

Run the following command to install istio CRDs on karmada apiserver:

cat <<EOF | istioctl install -y --set profile=minimal -f -
apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
  meshConfig:
    accessLogFile: /dev/stdout
  values:
    global:
      meshID: mesh1
      multiCluster:
        clusterName: primary
      network: network1
EOF

Karmada apiserver will not deploy a real istiod pod, you should press ctrl+c to exit installation when Processing resources for Istiod.

✔ Istio core installed                                                                                                                                                         
- Processing resources for Istiod.

Install Istio on karmada host​

  1. Create secret on karmada-host

Karmada host is not a member cluster, we need create the cacerts secret for istiod.

Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada host:

export KUBECONFIG=$HOME/.kube/karmada.config
kubectl config use-context karmada-host

Create a secret cacerts in istio-system namespace:

kubectl create namespace istio-system
kubectl create secret generic cacerts -n istio-system \
    --from-file=certs/primary/ca-cert.pem \
    --from-file=certs/primary/ca-key.pem \
    --from-file=certs/primary/root-cert.pem \
    --from-file=certs/primary/cert-chain.pem
  1. Create istio-kubeconfig on karmada-host
kubectl get secret -nkarmada-system kubeconfig --template={{.data.kubeconfig}} | base64 -d > kind-karmada.yaml
kubectl create secret generic istio-kubeconfig --from-file=config=kind-karmada.yaml -nistio-system
  1. Install istio control plane
cat <<EOF | istioctl install -y --set profile=minimal -f -
apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
  meshConfig:
    accessLogFile: /dev/stdout
  values:
    global:
      meshID: mesh1
      multiCluster:
        clusterName: primary
      network: network1
EOF
  1. Expose istiod service

Run the following command to create a service for the istiod service:

cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: istiod-elb
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  ports:
  - name: https-dns
    port: 15012
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 15012
  selector:
    app: istiod
    istio: pilot
  sessionAffinity: None
  type: LoadBalancer
EOF

Export DISCOVERY_ADDRESS:

export DISCOVERY_ADDRESS=$(kubectl get svc istiod-elb -nistio-system -o jsonpath='{.status.loadBalancer.ingress[0].ip}')
# verify
echo $DISCOVERY_ADDRESS

Prepare member1 cluster secret​

  1. Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada member1:
export KUBECONFIG="$HOME/.kube/members.config"
kubectl config use-context member1
  1. Create istio remote secret for member1:
istioctl create-remote-secret --name=member1 > istio-remote-secret-member1.yaml

Prepare member2 cluster secret​

  1. Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada member2:
export KUBECONFIG="$HOME/.kube/members.config"
kubectl config use-context member2
  1. Create istio remote secret for member1:
istioctl create-remote-secret --name=member2 > istio-remote-secret-member2.yaml

Apply istio remote secret​

Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada apiserver:

export KUBECONFIG=$HOME/.kube/karmada.config
kubectl config use-context karmada-apiserver

Apply istio remote secret:

kubectl apply -f istio-remote-secret-member1.yaml

kubectl apply -f istio-remote-secret-member2.yaml

Install istio remote​

  1. Install istio remote member1

Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada member1:

export KUBECONFIG="$HOME/.kube/members.config"
kubectl config use-context member1
cat <<EOF | istioctl install -y -f -
apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
  values:
    global:
      meshID: mesh1
      multiCluster:
        clusterName: member1
      network: network1
      remotePilotAddress: ${DISCOVERY_ADDRESS}
EOF
  1. Install istio remote member2

Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada member2:

export KUBECONFIG="$HOME/.kube/members.config"
kubectl config use-context member2
cat <<EOF | istioctl install -y -f -
apiVersion: install.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: IstioOperator
spec:
  values:
    global:
      meshID: mesh1
      multiCluster:
        clusterName: member2
      network: network1
      remotePilotAddress: ${DISCOVERY_ADDRESS}
EOF

Deploy bookinfo application​

Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada apiserver:

export KUBECONFIG=$HOME/.kube/karmada.config
kubectl config use-context karmada-apiserver

Create an istio-demo namespace:

kubectl create namespace istio-demo

Label the namespace that will host the application with istio-injection=enabled:

kubectl label namespace istio-demo istio-injection=enabled

Deploy your application using the kubectl command:

kubectl apply -nistio-demo -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.12/samples/bookinfo/platform/kube/bookinfo.yaml

Run the following command to create default destination rules for the Bookinfo services:

kubectl apply -nistio-demo -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.12/samples/bookinfo/networking/destination-rule-all.yaml

Run the following command to create virtual service for the Bookinfo services:

kubectl apply -nistio-demo -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.12/samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-all-v1.yaml

Run the following command to create propagation policy for the Bookinfo services:

cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -nistio-demo -f -
apiVersion: policy.karmada.io/v1alpha1
kind: PropagationPolicy
metadata:
  name: service-propagation
spec:
  resourceSelectors:
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: Service
      name: productpage
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: Service
      name: details
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: Service
      name: reviews
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: Service
      name: ratings
  placement:
    clusterAffinity:
      clusterNames:
        - member1
        - member2
---
apiVersion: policy.karmada.io/v1alpha1
kind: PropagationPolicy
metadata:
  name: produtpage-propagation
spec:
  resourceSelectors:
    - apiVersion: apps/v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: productpage-v1
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: ServiceAccount
      name: bookinfo-productpage
  placement:
    clusterAffinity:
      clusterNames:
        - member1
---
apiVersion: policy.karmada.io/v1alpha1
kind: PropagationPolicy
metadata:
  name: details-propagation
spec:
  resourceSelectors:
    - apiVersion: apps/v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: details-v1

    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: ServiceAccount
      name: bookinfo-details
  placement:
    clusterAffinity:
      clusterNames:
        - member2
---
apiVersion: policy.karmada.io/v1alpha1
kind: PropagationPolicy
metadata:
  name: reviews-propagation
spec:
  resourceSelectors:
    - apiVersion: apps/v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: reviews-v1
    - apiVersion: apps/v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: reviews-v2
    - apiVersion: apps/v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: reviews-v3
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: ServiceAccount
      name: bookinfo-reviews
  placement:
    clusterAffinity:
      clusterNames:
        - member1
        - member2
---
apiVersion: policy.karmada.io/v1alpha1
kind: PropagationPolicy
metadata:
  name: ratings-propagation
spec:
  resourceSelectors:
    - apiVersion: apps/v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: ratings-v1
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: ServiceAccount
      name: bookinfo-ratings
  placement:
    clusterAffinity:
      clusterNames:
        - member2
EOF

Deploy fortio application using the kubectl command:

kubectl apply -nistio-demo -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.12/samples/httpbin/sample-client/fortio-deploy.yaml

Run the following command to create propagation policy for the fortio services:

cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -nistio-demo -f -
apiVersion: policy.karmada.io/v1alpha1
kind: PropagationPolicy
metadata:
  name: fortio-propagation
spec:
  resourceSelectors:
    - apiVersion: v1
      kind: Service
      name: fortio
    - apiVersion: apps/v1
      kind: Deployment
      name: fortio-deploy
  placement:
    clusterAffinity:
      clusterNames:
        - member1
        - member2
EOF

Export KUBECONFIG and switch to karmada member1:

export KUBECONFIG="$HOME/.kube/members.config"
kubectl config use-context member1

Run the following command to verify productpage application installation:

export FORTIO_POD=`kubectl get po -nistio-demo | grep fortio | awk '{print $1}'`
kubectl exec -it ${FORTIO_POD} -nistio-demo -- fortio load -t 3s productpage:9080/productpage

What's next​

Following the guide to confirm the app is accessible from outside the cluster.

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